Minnesota driving laws

The rules your permit test asks about, in plain English. Each one is quoted from Minnesota’s statutes or an official DVS page. Handbooks are often years out of date, so where the law has changed we follow the law.

Checked October 2, 2026.

The short version

Phones and texting
While your vehicle is moving or part of traffic (including stopped at a light), you may not hold a phone, and you may not text, browse, watch video or play games.
Alcohol and drugs (DUI)
Driving while impaired includes a BAC of 0.08 or more (0.04 in a commercial vehicle).
Seat belts and child seats
Every driver and passenger, in every seat, must wear a seat belt or be in the correct child restraint, and police can stop you just for that.
Speed limits
Unless posted: 30 mph in urban districts, 10 mph in alleys, 55 mph elsewhere, 65 mph on expressways and urban interstates, and 70 mph on rural interstates.

Phones and texting

While your vehicle is moving or part of traffic (including stopped at a light), you may not hold a phone, and you may not text, browse, watch video or play games. Calls, messages and navigation are allowed by voice or single touch with the phone not in your hand. Permit and provisional drivers may not use a phone at all, even hands-free, except in an emergency.

Official wording (6 sources)
  • “when a motor vehicle is in motion or a part of traffic, the person operating the vehicle upon a street or highway is prohibited from: (1) holding a wireless communications device with one or both hands”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A person who violates paragraph (a) a second or subsequent time must pay a fine of $275.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “$100 or more including court fees for a first offense.”
    dps.mn.gov
  • “$300 or more including court fees for a second and/or subsequent offense.”
    dps.mn.gov
  • “The permit holder may not operate a vehicle while communicating over, or otherwise operating, a cellular or wireless telephone, whether handheld or hands free, when the vehicle is in motion.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A provisional license holder may not operate a vehicle while communicating over, or otherwise operating, a cellular or wireless telephone, whether handheld or hands free, when the vehicle is in motion.”
    revisor.mn.gov

Alcohol and drugs (DUI)

Driving while impaired includes a BAC of 0.08 or more (0.04 in a commercial vehicle). Drivers under 21 may not drive after drinking any alcohol (zero tolerance). Refusing a chemical test is itself a crime and brings at least a 1-year license revocation.

Official wording (11 sources)
  • “the person's alcohol concentration at the time, or as measured within two hours of the time, of driving, operating, or being in physical control of the motor vehicle is 0.08 or more”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “the vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle and the person's alcohol concentration at the time, or as measured within two hours of the time, of driving, operating, or being in physical control of the commercial motor vehicle is 0.04 or more”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “It is a crime for a person under the age of 21 years to drive, operate, or be in physical control of a motor vehicle while consuming alcoholic beverages, or after having consumed alcoholic beverages while there is physical evidence of the consumption present in the person's body.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A person who violates section 169A.20, subdivision 2 (refusal to submit to chemical test crime), is guilty of third-degree driving while impaired.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “if the person has no qualified prior impaired driving incidents within the past 20 years, not less than one year”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “not less than 180 days if the person is under 21 years of age and the test results indicate an alcohol concentration of less than twice the legal limit”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A person who violates section 169A.20, subdivision 1 (driving while impaired crime), is guilty of fourth-degree driving while impaired.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “if the person has no qualified prior impaired driving incidents within the past 20 years: (i) not less than 90 days”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “not less than one year if the test results indicate an alcohol concentration of twice the legal limit or more”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “If the crime is a gross misdemeanor, to imprisonment for not more than 364 days or to payment of a fine of not more than $3,000, or both”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “If the crime is a misdemeanor, to imprisonment for not more than 90 days or to payment of a fine of not more than $1,000, or both”
    revisor.mn.gov

Seat belts and child seats

Every driver and passenger, in every seat, must wear a seat belt or be in the correct child restraint, and police can stop you just for that. Children ride rear-facing until at least 2, then in a harness seat, then a booster until at least 9 or the seat fits; children under 13 ride in the back seat when available.

Official wording (8 sources)
  • “a properly adjusted and fastened seat belt, including both the shoulder and lap belt when the vehicle is so equipped, must be worn by the driver and passengers of a passenger vehicle”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A person who is 15 years of age or older and who violates paragraph (a) is subject to a fine of $25.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “Law enforcement will ticket drivers for unbelted passengers 14 years old and younger. They will directly ticket unbelted passengers 15 years old and older.”
    dps.mn.gov
  • “a child who is younger than two years of age must be properly restrained in a rear-facing child passenger restraint system with an internal harness”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “a child who is at least four years of age and exceeds the weight or height limit of the forward-facing child passenger restraint system must be properly restrained in a booster seat and secured with a safety belt”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “Any motor vehicle operator who violates subdivision 4a is guilty of a petty misdemeanor and may be sentenced to pay a fine of not more than $50.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “a child who is at least nine years of age or exceeds the weight or height limit of the child passenger restraint system or the booster seat must be secured with a safety belt”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “a child who is younger than 13 years of age must be transported in the rear seat of a motor vehicle, when available”
    revisor.mn.gov

Move Over law

Move over one full lane for stopped emergency, service or stalled vehicles with flashing or hazard lights; if you cannot, slow down.

Official wording (4 sources)
  • “a tow truck or towing vehicle, as defined under section 168B.011, subdivision 12a ; a freeway service patrol vehicle; a road maintenance vehicle; a utility company vehicle; a construction vehicle; a postal service vehicle; a solid waste vehicle; or a recycling vehicle.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “the driver of a vehicle must safely move the vehicle to the lane farthest away from the authorized vehicle, if it is possible to do so.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “the driver of a vehicle must reduce the speed of the motor vehicle to a speed that is reasonable and prudent under the conditions until the motor vehicle has completely passed the parked or stopped authorized vehicle”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “When approaching and before passing a stalled vehicle with either its hazard lights activated or people visibly present outside the vehicle”
    revisor.mn.gov

School buses

Stop at least 20 feet from a school bus with flashing red lights and an extended stop arm, from either direction, unless you are on a separated roadway.

Official wording (4 sources)
  • “and is displaying an extended stop-signal arm and flashing red lights, the driver of a vehicle approaching the bus shall stop the vehicle at least 20 feet away from the bus.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A person driving a vehicle on a street or highway with separated roadways is not required to stop the vehicle when approaching or meeting a school bus that is on a different roadway.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “No person may pass or attempt to pass a school bus in a motor vehicle on the right-hand, passenger-door side of the bus when the school bus is displaying the prewarning flashing amber signals”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than $500.”
    revisor.mn.gov

Speed limits

Unless posted: 30 mph in urban districts, 10 mph in alleys, 55 mph elsewhere, 65 mph on expressways and urban interstates, and 70 mph on rural interstates.

Official wording (6 sources)
  • “30 miles per hour in an urban district”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “65 miles per hour on noninterstate expressways, as defined in section 160.02 , subdivision 18b, and noninterstate freeways”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “55 miles per hour in locations other than those specified in this section”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “70 miles per hour on interstate highways outside the limits of any urbanized area with a population of greater than 50,000”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “ten miles per hour in alleys; (7) 25 miles per hour in residential roadways if adopted by the road authority having jurisdiction over the residential roadway”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “The school speed limit shall not be lower than 15 miles per hour and shall not be more than 30 miles per hour below the established speed limit on an affected street or highway.”
    revisor.mn.gov

After a crash

Call police right away if anyone is hurt or killed. A property-damage-only crash does not have to be reported to police unless roadside property is damaged.

Official wording (3 sources)
  • “The driver of a vehicle involved in a collision resulting in bodily injury to or death of another shall, after compliance with this section and by the quickest means of communication, give notice of the collision to the local police department”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “MS 2020 [Repealed, 1Sp2021 c 5 art 4 s 151 ]”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “the collision resulted only in damage to fixtures legally upon or adjacent to a highway”
    revisor.mn.gov

Insurance

Liability insurance of at least $30,000 per person and $60,000 per accident for injuries and $10,000 for property damage, plus no-fault (personal injury protection) coverage.

Official wording (2 sources)
  • “of not less than $30,000 because of bodily injury to one person in any one accident and, subject to said limit for one person, of not less than $60,000 because of injury to two or more persons in any one accident”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “of not less than $10,000 because of such injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident.”
    revisor.mn.gov

Motorcycle helmets

Helmets are required under 18 and for permit holders. Every operator must wear eye protection, even with a windshield.

Official wording (3 sources)
  • “No person under the age of 18 shall operate or ride a motorcycle on the streets and highways of this state without wearing protective headgear that complies with standards established by the commissioner of public safety; and no person shall operate a motorcycle without wearing an eye-protective device.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “drive the motorcycle without wearing protective headgear that complies with standards established by the commissioner of public safety.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “Riders must wear eye protection, such as a face shield, goggles or glasses. Windshields do not meet legal requirements.”
    dps.mn.gov

Motorcycle permit rules

Motorcycle instruction permit at 16 (with a driver's license), valid 1 year. Permit riders must wear a helmet and eye protection, carry no passengers and not ride at night. Riders under 18 need a safety course certificate.

Official wording (5 sources)
  • “The commissioner of public safety must issue a motorcycle instruction permit to any person over 16 years of age who (1) is in possession of a valid driver's license, (2) is enrolled in an approved motorcycle driver's safety course”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “A motorcycle instruction permit is effective for one year and may be renewed under rules prescribed by the commissioner of public safety.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “carry any passengers on the streets and highways of this state on the motorcycle while the person is operating the motorcycle; (2) drive the motorcycle at night”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “If you're under 18 years old, you must also show a certificate from an approved motorcycle driver's safety course”
    dps.mn.gov
  • “Your permit is valid for one year. If your instruction permit expires, you must retake the written test and pay the fee for a new permit.”
    dps.mn.gov

Lane splitting

Since July 1, 2025, Minnesota motorcyclists may pass vehicles within the same lane (lane splitting and filtering) at no more than 25 mph and no more than 15 mph faster than traffic. It is not allowed in roundabouts, school zones, single-lane work zones or queued freeway on-ramps.

Official wording (2 sources)
  • “A person may operate a motorcycle and overtake and pass another vehicle in the same direction of travel and within the same traffic lane if the motorcycle is operated: (1) at not more than 25 miles per hour; and (2) no more than 15 miles per hour over the speed of traffic in the relevant traffic lanes.”
    revisor.mn.gov
  • “the approach, drive-through, or exit of a roundabout; (2) a school zone established under section 169.14, subdivision 5a ; (3) a work zone where only a single travel lane is available for use”
    revisor.mn.gov

This page summarizes the law for study purposes and is not legal advice. Laws change; confirm with Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Driver and Vehicle Services Division.

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