Illinois driving laws
The rules your permit test asks about, in plain English. Each one is quoted from Illinois’s statutes or an official SOS page. Handbooks are often years out of date, so where the law has changed we follow the law.
Checked October 2, 2026.
The short version
- Phones and texting
- Illinois bans all drivers from using a hand-held phone or other electronic device while driving.
- Alcohol and drugs (DUI)
- It is illegal to drive with a BAC of 0.08 or more, or while impaired at any BAC.
- Seat belts and child seats
- Every driver and passenger, front and back seat, must wear a seat belt.
- School buses
- Stop for a school bus with its red lights flashing and stop arm out, from either direction, and stay stopped until the bus moves, the lights go off, or the driver signals you on.
Phones and texting
Illinois bans all drivers from using a hand-held phone or other electronic device while driving; hands-free or voice-operated use is allowed for drivers 19 and older. Drivers under 19 with a permit or graduated license may not use a phone at all, even hands-free, except in an emergency.
Official wording (5 sources)
“A person may not operate a motor vehicle on a roadway while using an electronic communication device”
ilga.gov“a driver using an electronic communication device, except for artificial intelligence smart glasses, in hands-free or voice-operated mode, which may include the use of a headset”
ilga.gov“A violation of this Section is an offense against traffic regulations governing the movement of vehicles. A person who violates this Section shall be fined a maximum of $75 for a first offense, $100 for a second offense, $125 for a third offense, and $150 for a fourth or subsequent offense”
ilga.gov“A person under the age of 19 years who holds an instruction permit issued under Section 6-105 or 6-107.1, or a person under the age of 19 years who holds a graduated license issued under Section 6-107, may not drive a vehicle on a roadway while using a wireless phone.”
ilga.gov“A person, regardless of age, may not use a wireless telephone at any time while operating a motor vehicle on a roadway in a school speed zone established under Section 11-605, on a highway in a construction or maintenance speed zone established under Section 11-605.1, or within 500 feet of an emergency scene.”
ilga.gov
Alcohol and drugs (DUI)
It is illegal to drive with a BAC of 0.08 or more, or while impaired at any BAC. Drivers under 21 face a license suspension for any alcohol (over 0.00), and commercial drivers are disqualified at 0.04. Refusing a chemical test brings an automatic statutory summary suspension of 12 months for a first offender.
Official wording (10 sources)
“the alcohol concentration in the person's blood, other bodily substance, or breath is 0.08 or more based on the definition of blood and breath units in Section 11-501.2”
ilga.gov“Except as otherwise provided in this Section, any person convicted of violating subsection (a) of this Section is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.”
ilga.gov“shall be subject, in addition to any other penalty that may be imposed, to a mandatory minimum of 100 hours of community service and a mandatory minimum fine of $500.”
ilga.gov“if the person submits to the test or tests provided in paragraph (a) of this Section and the alcohol concentration in the person's blood, other bodily substance, or breath is greater than 0.00 and less than 0.08, a suspension of the person's privilege to operate a motor vehicle”
ilga.gov“Operating a commercial motor vehicle while the alcohol concentration of the person's blood, breath, other bodily substance, or urine is at least 0.04”
ilga.gov“twelve months from the effective date of the statutory summary suspension for a refusal or failure to complete a test or tests to determine the alcohol, other drug, or intoxicating compound concentration under Section 11-501.1”
ilga.gov“six months from the effective date of the statutory summary suspension imposed following the person's submission to a chemical test which disclosed an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more”
ilga.gov“Six months from the effective date of the suspension for a refusal or failure to complete a test or tests to determine the alcohol concentration under Section 11-501.8”
ilga.gov“Violation of Section 11-501 of this Code or a similar provision of a local ordinance relating to the offense of operating or being in physical control of a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol”
ilga.gov“the person may make application for a license (A) after the expiration of one year from the effective date of the revocation”
ilga.gov
Seat belts and child seats
Every driver and passenger, front and back seat, must wear a seat belt. Police can stop you for a belt violation alone (primary enforcement). Children under 8 must ride in a child restraint system, and children under 2 rear-facing unless they are at least 40 pounds or 40 inches.
Official wording (5 sources)
“Each driver and passenger of a motor vehicle operated on a street or highway in this State shall wear a properly adjusted and fastened seat safety belt.”
ilga.gov“A violation of this Section shall be a petty offense and subject to a fine not to exceed $25.”
ilga.gov“Under the primary belt law in Illinois, police officers can stop vehicles in which occupants fail to buckle up and issue citations.”
idot.illinois.gov“such person shall be responsible for providing for the protection of such child by properly securing him or her in an appropriate child restraint system.”
ilga.gov“he or she shall be responsible for properly securing the child in a rear-facing child restraint system, unless the child weighs 40 or more pounds or is 40 or more inches tall.”
ilga.gov
Move Over law
When you approach a stopped emergency vehicle with flashing lights (Scott's Law), move to a lane not next to it if you safely can on a road with at least 2 lanes your way, and slow down; if you can't change lanes, slow down and proceed with caution. The same applies to disabled vehicles with hazard lights and highway work zones with workers present.
Official wording (4 sources)
“if changing lanes would be impossible or unsafe, proceeding with due caution, reduce the speed of the vehicle to a speed that is reasonable and proper with regard to traffic conditions and the use of the highway to avoid a collision”
ilga.gov“"authorized emergency vehicle" includes any vehicle authorized by law to be equipped with oscillating, rotating, or flashing lights under Section 12-215 of this Code, while the owner or operator of the vehicle is engaged in his or her official duties.”
ilga.gov“A person who violates subsection (c) of this Section commits a business offense punishable by a fine of not less than $250 or more than $10,000 for a first violation”
ilga.gov“Upon approaching a disabled vehicle with lighted hazard lights on a highway having at least 4 lanes, of which at least 2 are proceeding in the same direction, a driver of a vehicle shall”
ilga.gov
School buses
Stop for a school bus with its red lights flashing and stop arm out, from either direction, and stay stopped until the bus moves, the lights go off, or the driver signals you on. On a highway with 4 or more lanes, you need not stop if the bus is on the opposite side.
Official wording (3 sources)
“The driver of a vehicle shall stop such vehicle before meeting or overtaking, from either direction, any school bus stopped on a highway, roadway, private road, parking lot, school property, or at any other location”
ilga.gov“The driver of the vehicle shall not proceed until the school bus resumes motion or the driver of the vehicle is signaled by the school bus driver to proceed or the visual signals are no longer actuated.”
ilga.gov“The driver of a vehicle upon a highway having 4 or more lanes which permits at least 2 lanes of traffic to travel in opposite directions need not stop such vehicle upon meeting a school bus which is stopped in the opposing roadway”
ilga.gov
Speed limits
Unless signs say otherwise: 30 mph in urban districts, 15 mph in alleys, 20 mph in school zones when children are present, 55 mph on most rural roads, 65 mph on designated 4-lane divided highways, and 70 mph on interstates.
Official wording (5 sources)
“Unless some other speed restriction is established under this Chapter, the maximum speed limit in an urban district for all vehicles is: 1. 30 miles per hour; and 2. 15 miles per hour in an alley.”
ilga.gov“have at least 4 lanes of traffic, and have a separation between the roadways moving in opposite directions and (2) 55 miles per hour for all other highways, roads, and streets.”
ilga.gov“the maximum speed limit outside an urban district for any vehicle is (1) 70 miles per hour on any interstate highway”
ilga.gov“no person shall drive a motor vehicle at a speed in excess of 20 miles per hour while passing a school zone”
ilga.gov“For the purpose of this Section, a school day begins at 6:30 a.m. and concludes at 4 p.m.”
ilga.gov
After a crash
If a crash causes injury or death, or more than $1,500 in property damage ($500 if any vehicle is uninsured), and no officer is at the scene, notify police immediately by the fastest means. Crashes involving a school bus must always be reported.
Official wording (4 sources)
“give notice of the crash by the fastest available means of communication to the local police department if such crash occurs within a municipality or otherwise to the nearest office of the county sheriff or nearest headquarters of the Illinois State Police.”
ilga.gov“results in damage to the property of any person, including the driver, in excess of $1,500 (or $500 if any of the vehicles involved in the accident is subject to Section 7-601 but is not covered by a liability insurance policy)”
ilga.gov“Sec. 11-406. (Repealed). (Source: P.A. 95-754, eff. 1-1-09. Repealed by P.A. 102-560, eff. 8-20-21.)”
ilga.gov“as soon as possible but in no case later than one-half hour after such motor vehicle crash”
ilga.gov
Insurance
Every vehicle must carry liability insurance of at least $25,000 per person and $50,000 per crash for injury or death, and $20,000 for property damage (25/50/20).
Official wording (4 sources)
“The insurance policy shall be issued in amounts no less than the minimum amounts set for bodily injury or death and for destruction of property under Section 7-203 of this Code”
ilga.gov“a limit, exclusive of interest and costs, of not less than $25,000 because of bodily injury to or death of any one person in any one motor vehicle crash”
ilga.gov“to a limit of not less than $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of 2 or more persons in any one motor vehicle crash”
ilga.gov“to a limit of not less than $20,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one motor vehicle crash.”
ilga.gov
Motorcycle permit rules
Riders 18 and older can get a 12-month motorcycle instruction permit; 16- and 17-year-olds get a 24-month permit only after driver education and an IDOT-approved motorcycle training course. Permit holders may ride only in daylight under the direct supervision of a licensed motorcycle operator 21 or older with at least one year of experience.
Official wording (6 sources)
“A 12 month instruction permit for a motor driven cycle or motorcycle may be issued to a person 18 years of age or more, and entitles the holder to drive upon the highways during daylight under the direct supervision”
ilga.gov“A 24 month instruction permit for a motorcycle other than a motor driven cycle may be issued to a person 16 or 17 years of age in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2 of Section 6-103”
ilga.gov“entitles a holder to drive upon the highways during daylight under the direct supervision of a licensed motorcycle operator 21 years of age or older who has at least one year of driving experience.”
ilga.gov“To any person who is under the age of 18 as an operator of a motorcycle other than a motor driven cycle unless the person has, in addition to meeting the provisions of Section 6-107 of this Code, successfully completed a motorcycle training course approved by the Illinois Department of Transportation”
ilga.gov“The Department shall exempt an applicant for a Class M or Class L driver's license (see Section 1030.30), which allows operation of a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, from a facility-administered road test if the applicant possesses a valid Illinois driver's license”
ilga.gov“Allows successful program graduates (18 or older) to waive the riding and written portions of the Illinois motorcycle license test.”
idot.illinois.gov
Lane splitting
Lane splitting and lane filtering are not legal in Illinois. A motorcyclist may not pass a vehicle going the same way on its right unless a full unobstructed lane is available, and every vehicle must stay within a single lane.
Official wording (2 sources)
“The driver of a 2 wheeled vehicle may not, in passing upon the left of any vehicle proceeding in the same direction, pass upon the right of any vehicle proceeding in the same direction unless there is an unobstructed lane of traffic available to permit such passing maneuver safely.”
ilga.gov“A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane and shall not be moved from such lane until the driver has first ascertained that such movement can be made with safety.”
ilga.gov
This page summarizes the law for study purposes and is not legal advice. Laws change; confirm with Illinois Secretary of State, Driver Services Department.